Between the Poles: China's 12th Five Year Plan Expected to Focus on Reducing Carbon Intensity

Geoff Zeiss

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Open Source Geospatial Foundation OSGEO
OSGeo was created to support the collaborative development of open source geospatial software and promote its widespread use
Proven guidelines for reducing underground infrastructure damage at airports, university, industrial, and commercial campuses, and towns
There are proven measures that an administration, owner, or municipal government responsible for an airport, university, industrial or commercial campus, or town can undertake to reduce the risk of underground utility damage, the associated disruptions to operations and business and the danger for workers and the public.
Sharing information about the location of underground utilities
The U.S. devotes an estimated $10 billion annually to locating underground infrastructure. Every construction project requiring excavation involves significant efforts in locating underground utilities prior to and during construction to reduce the risk of injuries and unexpected project delays. But this information is rarely shared and the location of underground infrastructure is recaptured over and over again. There are successful examples around the world where municipal and regional governments have helped enable a shared underground utility network database.
Growing evidence of the benefits of an integrated BIM+geospatial full lifecycle approach to construction
Building information modeling (BIM) has been applied to design-build construction projects for many years. A growing number of countries are mandating BIM for public projects. While the UK government has said that "...we know that the largest prize for BIM lies in the operational stages of the project life-cycle", until recently there has not been hard data to support this conjecture. Similarly there has been only anecdotal support for an integrated BIM and geospatial approach for design, build, operate and maintain projects. Now we are beginning to see data from real world projects that offer evidence for the benefits of an integrated BIM+geospatial full lifecycle approach for construction projects.
Progress in geospatial, civil, and BIM interoperability promises efficient workflows for infrastructure
The BIM and geospatial interoperability challenge is the latest symptom of the broader problem of integrating AEC and geospatial workflows, that has contributed to low productivity in the construction sector. After the announcement about a year ago by Jack Dangermond and Andrew Anagnost of a new relationship to build a bridge between Autodesk and ESRI technologies, I thought it a good time to review progress toward interoperability between the AEC and geospatial worlds.
Geography2050: Accurate location information about underground infrastructure is essential for powering our future planet
I thought it would be worth while to include here a talk I gave at GEOGRAPHY 2050 Powering Our Future Planet at Columbia University in New York about the importance of accurate location information about underground infrastructure for the future development of the energy grid. With some notable exceptions accurately recording the location of subsurface infrastructure including oil, gas, electric power and other energy infrastructure is ignored - perhaps this is a case of out-of-sight is indeed out-of-mind. The reality is that knowing the location of underground energy infrastructure is critical for national security, for disaster planning and management, for public safety and for economic efficiency. Everyone is aware of at least one disaster resulting from or exacerbated by not knowing where our energy infrastructure is - the explosions in San Bruno in California (2010) and Belgium (2004) immediately come to mind.
Deep learning enables automated extraction of building footprints and road networks from satellite imagery
Automated feature extraction from satellite imagery has made major progress in the last year. Accurate building footprints extracted from high resolution satellite imagery are becoming available from companies such as Ecopia, which has just announced a partnership with DigitalGlobe, whose satellites are capable of 30 cm (approximately one foot) resolution. Also NVIDIA has demonstrated the ability to automate detection of many road networks using sophisticated algorithms and multi-spectral high resolution imagery.
BIM + geospatial interoperability would avoid another CAD + GIS quagmire
A specific challenge currently facing the AEC and geospatial industries is integrating building information models (BIM) and geospatial infrastructure and building models. There are parallels between what happened in the 1990s in unsuccessfully addressing CAD+GIS interoperability and the current challenge of BIM+geospatial interoperability. But there are also important differences which provide grounds for optimism that the availability of both BIM and geospatial standards, a vibrant open source geospatial community, and a new willingness on the part of major software players in the BIM and geospatial industries will make it possible to successfully address the latest interoperability challenge facing the AEC (architecture, engineering and construction) and geospatial industries.
BVLOS drones improve power line inspections amid increasing fire and storm risks for utilities | Utility Dive
Transmission line inspections for vegetation management and other purposes are essential in ensuring grid reliability and resilience. We saw the devastating effect of vegetation encroachment in the recent California fires, which in part have been blamed on failure to maintain properly cleared transmission lines. With drones that can cover great distances in a single flight and provide detailed and accurate aerial imagery of transmission lines and other infrastructure, it is now possible to almost completely automate this expensive process. Automating transmission line inspections for vegetation management using BVLOS drones not only saves money, but also could improve the resiliency and reliability of the transmission grid.

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March 04, 2011

China's 12th Five Year Plan Expected to Focus on Reducing Carbon Intensity

The Chinese National People's Congress begins meeting tomorrow to pass the 12th five year plan. One of the policy items that is a priority for the five year plan is new energy efficiency and pollution reduction targets intended to put China on a less carbon-intensive economic development track. How seriously this will taken by Chinese industry will depend on China's Environmental Protection Law, first passed in 1979 and revised in 1989, which is notoriously weak in enforcement measures.

Since 1990, energy consumption as a share of total world energy use has increased significantly in both China and India, and together they accounted for about 10 percent of the world's total energy consumption in 1990 and 20 percent in 2007. According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) reference case projection, which assumes no new legislation, it is projected that strong economic growth in both countries will continue and their combined energy use will more than double and will account for 30 percent of total world energy consumption in 2035, with China responsible for just under 25 percent. The U.S. share of world energy consumption is projected to fall from 21 percent in 2007 to 16 percent in 2035.

China exceeded the US in energy related carbon emssions in 2006, though per capita emissions in China is far below the US. One of the expected measures to be included in the 12th five year plan is reducing carbon intensity. According to the 11th five year plan (2006-2010), China's per unit GDP energy consumption should have been reduced by 20 percent by the end of 2010 compared with 2005 levels. However, from 2006 to 2009, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell only 14.38 percent. It is expected that the five year plan will target reducing carbon intensity by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 compared to 2005 levels.

In 2005, China passed a law to promote renewable energy that aims to get a total of 500 gigawatts of renewable energy on the grid by 2020, including massive increases in wind power, biofuels, solar, and hydro power. In 2009 China and the EU led the world in clean energy investment. The total EU investment was $41.1 billion, China $34.6 billion, and the U.S. $18.6 billion. Over the past five years, China's clean energy investment has increased 148 percent, the U.S. significantly less, 103 percent.